Key principles of composition in art include:

1. Rule of Thirds: Dividing the canvas into a 3x3 grid and placing key elements along the lines or at intersections
2. Balance: Distributing visual weight evenly or intentionally creating imbalance for effect
3. Leading Lines: Using lines or shapes to guide the viewer's eye through the artwork
4. Contrast: Creating visual interest through differences in color, size, or texture
5. Focal Point: Establishing a main area of interest in the composition
6. Symmetry/Asymmetry: Using either balanced or intentionally unbalanced arrangements for different effects

The Golden Ratio in artistic composition:

1. Definition: A mathematical ratio of approximately 1:1.618, considered aesthetically pleasing
2. Application: Used to create balanced and harmonious compositions
3. Golden Spiral: A logarithmic spiral based on the Golden Ratio, often used to place key elements
4. Rule of Thirds: A simplified approximation of the Golden Ratio
5. Historical use: Found in classical architecture and Renaissance paintings
6. Modern application: Still used in contemporary art, photography, and design for pleasing proportions

Negative space in composition:

1. Definition: The empty or unoccupied space around and between the main subjects of an artwork
2. Importance: Helps define and emphasize the main subject (positive space)
3. Balance: Creates a sense of balance and harmony in the composition
4. Visual interest: Can create interesting shapes and forms that complement the main subject
5. Simplification: Helps reduce clutter and focus attention on the important elements
6. Examples: Used effectively in logo design, minimalist art, and photography to create striking visuals